OKUBELELWE ELWAZINI
Imibuzo ebuzwa qho
Fumana iimpendulo ezipheleleyo kwimibuzo engama-50 eqhelekileyo malunga nokuthunyelwa kwezithuthi ngaphandle, ukuthunyelwa, iintlawulo kunye neziqinisekiso.
1. Ukuhanjiswa kunye noLungiselelo
Zeziphi iindlela zokuthumela ezinikezelwa yi-EVOVED?
Sinikezela ngeendlela ezimbini eziphambili: ukuthunyelwa kweRoRo (Roll-on/Roll-off) kokuthutha okuqhelekileyo okungabizi kakhulu, kunye nokuthunyelwa kweeContainer (20ft okanye 40ft) ukhuseleko oluphezulu lwezithuthi zodidi oluphezulu okanye ezixabisa kakhulu.
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuthumela ngenqanawa kumazwe ngamazwe?
Amaxesha okuhamba ayahluka ngokwendawo oya kuyo. Amaxesha aqhelekileyo: eMzantsi-mpuma Asia (iiveki ezi-2-3), eMbindi Mpuma (iiveki ezi-4-5), eAfrika (iiveki ezi-5-8), eYurophu (iiveki ezi-4-6), kunye noMzantsi Melika (iiveki ezi-5-7). Kukho iindlela ezikhawulezayo.
Ingaba imoto yam ine-inshorensi ngexesha lokuhamba?
Ewe. Zonke iinqanawa ezithunyelweyo ze-EVOVED ziquka i-inshurensi epheleleyo yempahla yaselwandle egubungela ilahleko iyonke, ubusela, kunye nomonakalo omkhulu ukusuka kwizibuko lokulayisha ukuya kwizibuko eliya kulo.
Ndingakwazi ukulandelela ukuthunyelwa kwemoto yam?
Ewe. Nje ukuba imoto yakho ilayishwe enqanaweni, sikunika inombolo yeBill of Lading (B/L) kunye nekhonkco lokulandelela inqanawa ukuze ukwazi ukujonga ukuthunyelwa kwakho ngexesha langempela.
Ngaba nithumela ngenqanawa kumazwe avaliweyo?
Ewe. Kwiindawo ezivaliweyo (umz., iUganda, iZambia, iKazakhstan), silungiselela ukuthunyelwa kwempahla elwandle ukuya kwizibuko elikhulu elikufutshane size silungelelanise ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kaloliwe okanye iilori ukuya kwindawo yakho yokugqibela.
Zingaphi izithuthi ezilingana kwisikhongozeli esiqhelekileyo?
Isikhongozeli esiqhelekileyo esingangeenyawo ezingama-20 sidla ngokuthwala isithuthi esinye. Isikhongozeli esingangeenyawo ezingama-40 singathwala izithuthi ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3 ezinobukhulu obuqhelekileyo okanye iiSUV, kuxhomekeke kwiimodeli kunye nolwakhiwo lomthwalo.
Ngawaphi amazibuko owathumela eTshayina?
Iindawo zethu eziphambili zokuthumela ngaphandle yiShanghai Port (eyona inkulu kwaye inexabiso eliphantsi), iNingbo, iShenzhen (Shekou), kunye neDalian, kuxhomekeke kwindawo yefektri yesithuthi.
Ndingakwazi na ukuzilungiselela eyam i-shipping forwarder?
Ewe. Sinikezela ngexabiso le-FOB (Free On Board) kunye ne-EXW (Ex Works) ukuba ukhetha ukusebenzisa i-freighter yakho ethembekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwabathengi basebenzisa imiqathango yethu ye-CIF (Cost, Insurance, Freight) ukuze kube lula.
Ngaba iibhetri ze-EV zikhuselekile ekuthuthweni kolwandle?
Ngokuqinisekileyo. Silandela imigaqo engqongqo ye-IMO (International Maritime Organisation) yokuthutha iibhetri ze-lithium-ion. Iibhetri zikhutshwa zisiwe kwindawo ekhuselekileyo (ngesiqhelo i-30-50%) ngaphambi kokuba zilayishwe.
Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ukuba imoto ilibazisekile echwebeni?
Nangona kunqabile, ukuxinana kweenqanawa kunokubangela ukulibaziseka. Iqela lethu elizinikeleyo lezothutho lijonga imeko yeenqanawa kwaye litshintshe ukuthunyelwa kwempahla ukuya kwezinye iiterminal ukuba kulindeleke ukulibaziseka okukhulu.
2. Intlawulo kunye nexabiso
Ziziphi iindlela zokuhlawula ezamkelweyo?
Ngokuyintloko samkela i-T/T (Telegraphic Transfer/Bank Wire). Kwiiodolo ezinkulu zeenqwelo-mafutha, samkela neeNcwadi zeTyala ezingenakuguqulwa (L/C) xa zibonwa ziibhanki zamazwe ngamazwe eziphezulu.
Yintoni indlela yokuhlawula eqhelekileyo?
Imigaqo yethu eqhelekileyo yidiphozithi ye-30% xa usayina i-Proforma Invoice ukuze ukhusele imoto kwaye uqalise iinkqubo zokuthumela ngaphandle, kunye nebhalansi ye-70% ekufuneka ihlawulwe ngaphambi kokuba imoto ilayishwe enqanaweni.
Zeziphi iimali owamkelayo?
Zonke iikowuteshini ezisemthethweni kunye neentengiselwano zicutshungulwa nge-USD (iiDola zaseMelika) okanye i-EUR (iiEuro). Iintlawulo nge-CNY (iYuan yaseTshayina) zinokulungiselelwa amaqabane athile engingqi.
Ngaba kukho naziphi na iifizi ezifihlakeleyo kwiikowuteshini zakho?
Hayi. I-EVOVED isebenza ngokungafihlisi nto. I-invoyisi yakho ichaza ngokucacileyo iindleko zesithuthi, iifizi zokuhlolwa, irhafu yokuthumela ngaphandle yaseTshayina, ukuphathwa kwezibuko, kunye nokuhanjiswa kwempahla elwandle. Iirhafu zerhafu kwilizwe oya kulo zahlukile.
Ingaba niyazibonelela izaphulelo ngobuninzi ngobuninzi?
Ewe. Sinikezela ngamaxabiso ahlukeneyo ngokuthengisa izinto ezithengiswayo kumazwe ngamazwe kunye nabaqhubi beenqwelo-mafutha aba-odola iiyunithi ezi-5+, ezingama-20+, okanye ezingama-50+. Nxibelelana neqela lethu leentengiso ukuze ufumane ulwakhiwo oluchanekileyo lwemarike.
Ngaba ungasinika isiqinisekiso sokuhambelana namaxabiso?
Siqinisekisa amaxabiso athengiswa ngqo kwifektri anokhuphiswano olukhulu. Ukuba ufumana ikowuteshini ephantsi komnye umthengisi oqinisekisiweyo wesithuthi esifanayo, siza kuyihlola size sijonge ukuyilinganisa okanye ukuyigqitha.
Ingaba idiphozithi yam iyabuyiselwa ukuba ndiyayirhoxisa?
Iidipozithi zibuyiselwa ngokupheleleyo kuphela ukuba imoto ayiphumelelanga kuhlolo lwethu olungqongqo lomgangatho ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa kwaye akukho mntu unokuyifumana enye indawo efanelekileyo. Ukurhoxiswa ngenxa yokuzisola komthengi kuyayilahla idipozithi ukuze kuhlawulelwe iindleko zokwabiwa.
Ngaba uyanikezela ngeendlela zokuxhasa ngemali?
Asiboneleli ngezimali ngokuthe ngqo. Nangona kunjalo, singakunika onke amaxwebhu afunekayo (ii-Proforma Invoices, izatifikethi zefektri) ukuze ufumane inkxaso-mali yorhwebo okanye iimali-mboleko kwibhanki yakho yasekuhlaleni.
Ngaba amaxabiso ayatshixwa xa sele ekhankanyiwe?
Iikowuteshini zisebenza iintsuku ezisi-7 ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwamaxabiso okuthutha impahla elwandle kunye neemarike zokutshintshiselana ngemali. Nje ukuba idiphozithi yakho ye-30% ifunyenwe, ixabiso lesithuthi livalwe ngokupheleleyo.
Ngaba ndiyayihlawula irhafu kurhulumente waseTshayina?
Hayi. Sicubungula zonke izithuthi phantsi komgaqo-nkqubo osemthethweni waseTshayina wokuthumela izithuthi kwamanye amazwe, oko kuthetha ukuba izithuthi azihlawuliswa i-VAT yasekuhlaleni yaseTshayina. Uhlawula irhafu yokungenisa kuphela kwilizwe oya kulo.
3. Ukuhlolwa kweZithuthi kunye noMgangatho
Ngubani oqhuba uhlolo lwangaphambi kokuthunyelwa?
Zonke iimoto zihlolwa ngabavavanyi beemoto abazimeleyo nabaqinisekisiweyo (abafana ne-SGS okanye i-TÜV) ukuqinisekisa ukungathathi cala ngokupheleleyo kunye nokuqinisekiswa komgangatho.
Uhlolo lugubungela ntoni?
Olu hlolo luvavanyo olunamanqaku amaninzi oluquka i-powertrain, impilo yebhetri ye-EV (SOH), ukumiswa, iinkqubo zombane, imeko yangaphakathi, kunye nobunzulu bepeyinti yangaphandle ukuqinisekisa ukuba ifanelekile ukuba ihambe endleleni nge-100%.
Ngaba ndiza kubona iifoto zesithuthi sam esithile?
Ewe. Uza kufumana ingxelo eneenkcukacha zePDF equlethe iifoto ezingaphezu kwama-30 eziphezulu zangaphandle, ngaphakathi, indawo yenjini, itshasi, kunye nedeshibhodi enokufundwa kweVIN kunye ne-odometer ngqo.
Ngaba iidrive zovavanyo zenziwa ngaphambi kokuba zithunyelwe?
Ewe. Uvavanyo oluqatha lwendlela lwenziwa kwiziko lethu laseShanghai ukuqinisekisa ukukhawulezisa, ukuqhobosheka, ukulungelelaniswa kwesiteringi, kunye nokuziphatha kokumisa imoto ngaphambi kokuba isithuthi sivunyelwe ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe.
Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ukuba imoto ayiphumelelanga ukuhlolwa?
Ukuba imoto ayiphumeleli ukuhlangabezana nomgangatho wethu "wokufaneleka ukuba semgaqweni nge-100%", ayivumelekanga ngokupheleleyo. Siza kukufumana ngoko nangoko imodeli efanayo yokutshintsha ngaphandle kweendleko ezongezelelweyo okanye ukulibaziseka kuwe.
Uqinisekisa njani impilo yebhetri kwiimoto ze-EV ezisetyenzisiweyo?
Kwii-EV ezisetyenzisiweyo eziqinisekisiweyo, sisebenzisa izixhobo zokuxilonga ze-OBD2 eziphambili ukuze sifumane umahluko ochanekileyo kwi-State of Health (SOH) kunye nomahluko we-voltage yeseli kwinkqubo yolawulo lwebhetri (BMS).
Ndingaqesha umhloli wam eTshayina?
Ewe. Wamkelekile ukuba uqeshe umhloli wakho ozimeleyo ukuba atyelele indawo yethu yokugcina impahla eShanghai. Siza kubonelela ngokufikelela ngokupheleleyo kunye nentsebenziswano kuvavanyo lwabo.
Ngaba uyazicoca izithuthi ngaphambi kokuba uzithumele?
Ngokuqinisekileyo. Isithuthi ngasinye sifumana iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo zobungcali, kubandakanya ukucoca ngaphakathi kunye nokufakelwa ngaphandle, ngaphambi kokuba kulayishwe izibuko kunye nokugqunywa ngokhuseleko.
Ngaba iilwimi zesoftware zitshintshiwe ngaphambi kokuba zithunyelwe kwamanye amazwe?
Ewe. Xa sixhaswa ngumvelisi, sitshintsha okanye sihlaziye inkqubo ye-infotainment yesithuthi ibe yisiNgesi okanye ulwimi oluceliweyo lwengingqi ngaphambi kokuba sithunyelwe.
Ngaba ukufundwa kwe-odometer kuqinisekisiwe ukuba kuchanekile?
Ewe. Ubungakanani beemayile buqinisekiswa ngokungqongqo nge-ECU yesithuthi kwaye buboniswa ngeerekhodi ezisemthethweni zokugcinwa kwemoto zaseTshayina ukuthintela naluphi na uhlobo lwe-odometer oluphazamisayo.
4. Iinkqubo zokungenisa kunye namaxwebhu
Ngawaphi amaxwebhu aza kunikezelwa yi-EVOVED?
Sithumela onke amaxwebhu okuqala afunekayo ukuze kugqitywe: Ibhili yomthwalo (B/L), i-invoyisi yorhwebo, uluhlu lokupakisha, isiqinisekiso semvelaphi, kunye nelayisenisi yokuthumela impahla kwamanye amazwe yaseTshayina.
Ngaba uphatha ukususwa kwerhafu kwilizwe lam?
Siphatha yonke imvume yokuthumela impahla ngaphandle kweTshayina. Imvume yokungenisa impahla kwizibuko oya kulo luxanduva lomthengi, nangona singacebisa abathengisi berhafu basekuhlaleni abathembekileyo kumazibuko amaninzi amakhulu.
Irhafu yokungenisa impahla izakubiza malini?
Imirhumo yokungenisa impahla yahluka kakhulu ngokwamazwe, ukusuka kwi-0% (kwii-EV kwezinye iindawo) ukuya ngaphezulu kwama-50%. Sicebisa kakhulu ukuba ubonisane nomthengisi werhafu wasekuhlaleni ngeKhowudi ye-HS enikiweyo kwikowuteshini yethu.
Ngaba iimoto ziqhutywa ngesandla sasekhohlo (LHD)?
Ewe. Ngokwesiqhelo, zonke izithuthi ezenzelwe imarike yasekhaya yaseTshayina ziqhutywa ngesandla sasekhohlo (LHD). Sinokufumana iimodeli ezithile ze-RHD ukuze zithunyelwe kwamanye amazwe xa sizicelile.
Ngaba ungabonelela ngeziqinisekiso zokudibana?
Kwiiodolo ezininzi nezikarhulumente, sinceda ekufumaneni ii-COC ezifunekayo (iSatifikethi sokuThotyelwa kweMithetho) okanye amaphepha edatha afanayo afunekayo ziigunya zothutho zaseYurophu naseMbindi Mpuma.
Kuthekani ngemida yobudala kwiimoto ezisetyenzisiweyo?
Amazwe amaninzi (ingakumbi e-Afrika naseMzantsi Melika) anemithetho engqongqo echasene nokungenisa izithuthi ezindala kuneminyaka emi-5 okanye esi-8. Iqela lethu lokuthengisa lijonga iodolo yakho ngokuchasene nemithetho yobudala yelizwe lakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba iyathotyelwa.
Ngaba i-VIN iyaziwa kwihlabathi liphela?
Ewe, izithuthi ezivela kubavelisi abakhulu baseTshayina zisebenzisa ii-VIN eziqhelekileyo ezinamanani ali-17 ezaziwa kwihlabathi liphela ngeenjongo zokubhalisa kunye ne-inshurensi.
Athunyelwa njani amaxwebhu okuqala?
Nje ukuba inqanawa ihambe kwaye intlawulo yokugqibela igqityiwe, amaxwebhu okuqala athunyelwa kwidilesi yakho yendawo nge-DHL, i-FedEx, okanye i-UPS kunye nokulandelela okubonelelweyo.
Yintoni iTelex Release?
I-Telex Release yindlela yokubuyisela iBill of Lading kwi-intanethi. Ikuvumela ukuba ubange imoto yakho kwizibuko lakho ngaphandle kokufuna amaxwebhu ephepha, nto leyo ekhawulezisa inkqubo yokususa isithuthi.
Ngaba iimoto zaseTshayina ziyahlangabezana nemigangatho yokukhupha ungcoliseko lwehlabathi?
Ewe. Uninzi lwezithuthi zanamhlanje zaseTshayina ze-ICE (Internal Combustion Engine) ziyahlangabezana nemigangatho engqongqo yaseTshayina ye-6, elingana nemigangatho yokukhupha umoya ye-Euro 6 kwihlabathi liphela.
5. Iwaranti kunye neNkxaso emva koThengiso
Yeyiphi iwaranti eza nemoto entsha?
Izithuthi ezintsha zixhaswa yiwaranti eqhelekileyo yonyaka omnye yokuthumela ngaphandle egubungela izinto eziphambili ze-powertrain. Abavelisi abaninzi baseTshayina bakwaseka uthungelwano lweenkonzo zehlabathi jikelele ukuze bafumane inkxaso yewaranti ethe ngqo.
Ngaba uyazibonelela iindawo ezisecaleni?
Ewe. I-EVOVED isebenza kwicandelo lezixhobo ezizinikeleyo. Singabonelela ngezixhobo zokutshintsha ze-OEM, izihluzi, iiphaneli zomzimba, kunye nezixhobo zokuxilonga kuzo zonke izithuthi esizithumela ngaphandle ngenqwelo moya.
Ndingawufaka njani umba wewaranti?
Ukuba i-powertrain ayisebenzi kakuhle ngexesha lewaranti, nxibelelana nomphathi weakhawunti yakho ozinikeleyo ngengxelo yokuxilongwa koomatshini kunye neefoto. Siza kuyithumela loo nxalenye itshintshiweyo simahla.
Ngaba ibhetri ye-EV igqunywe phantsi kwewaranti?
Ewe. Iimoto ezintsha ze-EV zihlala zinewaranti yeminyaka esi-8 okanye i-150,000 km kwiphakheji yebhetri kwaye ziqhuba iimoto ngqo ezivela kumenzi.
Ndingazifumana iincwadi zesikhokelo zabanini beencwadi zesiNgesi?
Ewe. Sibonelela ngeekopi zePDF zedijithali zeencwadi zomnini eziguqulelwe kwisiNgesi kuzo zonke iimodeli ezidumileyo zokuthumela ngaphandle.
Uhlaziyo lwe-OTA (Over-The-Air) lusebenza njani kwamanye amazwe?
Iimoto ezininzi zaseTshayina ze-EV zixhasa uhlaziyo lwe-OTA lwehlabathi lonke nge-Wi-Fi yasekuhlaleni okanye uqhagamshelo lwe-hotspot, ukuqinisekisa ukuba isoftware yesithuthi sakho kunye ne-UI zihlala zihlaziyiwe nokuba indawo iphi.
Kuthekani ukuba kukho ukurhoxiswa kwempahla efektri?
Ukuba umenzi ukhupha isilumkiso sokhuseleko lwehlabathi, i-EVOVED iya kukwazisa ngoko nangoko kwaye ikunike izixhobo zehardware ezihlaziyiweyo ezifunekayo kulungiso lwefektri.
Ngaba ninika inkxaso yobugcisa kwiikhanikhi?
Kubathengisi abathengisa ngobuninzi, sinikezela ngokufikelela kwiiskimu zobugcisa, iidayagram zocingo, kunye neentambo zonxibelelwano ngqo neqela lethu leemekhenikhi ukunceda iingcali zakho zasekuhlaleni.
Ngaba izixhobo zokuxilonga zibandakanyiwe?
Iiskena ze-OBD2 kunye neetablethi zokuxilonga ezikhethekileyo azifakwanga ekuthengweni kwezithuthi, kodwa zinokuodolwa ngecandelo lethu lezixhobo kumthengisi wakho.
Inkxaso yakho emva kokuthengisa isebenza ixesha elingakanani?
Inkxaso yethu yokufumana izixhobo emva kokuthengisa kunye neengcebiso zobugcisa ihlala ifumaneka kuwe ubomi bonke besithuthi.